Cooking Measures & Handy References
(Print out for quick referral. Please allow yourself a few minutes to read)
|
Australian |
American | |
|
Bacon Rashers |
Canadian Bacon | |
|
Biscuits |
Cookies | |
|
Essence |
Extract | |
|
Castor Sugar |
Superfine Sugar | |
|
Capsicum |
Sweet or Bell Pepper | |
|
Copha |
White Veg Shortening | |
|
Stock Cubes |
Boullion Cubes | |
|
Lamington Tin |
13" x 9" x 2" pan | |
|
Flour (plain) |
All Purpose Flour | |
|
Flour (self raising) |
Self Rising Flour | |
|
Cornflour |
Cornstarch | |
|
Desiccated Coconut |
Shredded Coconut | |
|
Flour (wholemeal) |
Whole Wheat Flour | |
|
Rockmelon |
Cantaloupe | |
|
Shallots |
Scallions | |
|
Swiss Roll Tin |
Jelly Roll Pan | |
|
Ring Tin |
Tube Pan | |
|
King Prawns |
Jumbo Shrimp | |
|
Cake Tin |
Baking Pan | |
|
Sultanas |
Golden Seedless Raisins | |
|
Gelatine |
Unflavoured Gelatine | |
|
Ghee |
Clarified Butter | |
|
Icing Sugar |
Confectioners Sugar | |
|
Glace' Cherries |
Mari chino Cherries | |
|
Mince Meat |
Ground Beef | |
|
Paw Paw |
Papaya | |
|
Patty Cups |
Paper Cupcake Holders | |
|
Greaseproof Paper |
Wax Paper | |
|
Tea Towel |
Dish Towel | |
|
Baking Tray |
Cookie Sheet | |
|
Bicarbonate of Soda |
Baking Soda | |
|
Dry Measure | ||
|
Metric |
Imperial | |
|
15g |
1/2 oz | |
|
30g |
1 oz | |
|
60g |
2 oz | |
|
100g |
3 1/2 oz | |
|
124g |
4 oz | |
|
155g |
5 oz | |
|
220g |
7 oz | |
|
250g |
1/2 lb | |
|
280g |
9 oz | |
|
315g |
10 oz | |
|
345g |
11 oz | |
|
375g |
12 oz | |
|
440g |
14 oz | |
|
500g |
16 oz (1 lb) | |
|
1 kg |
32 oz | |
|
Liquid Measure | ||
|
Metric |
Imperial | |
|
30ml |
1 fluid oz | |
|
100ml |
3 fluid oz | |
|
125ml |
4 fluid oz | |
|
150ml |
5 fluid oz (1/4 pint) | |
|
150ml |
1 gill | |
|
185 ml |
6 fluid oz | |
|
250ml |
8 fluid oz | |
|
300ml |
10 fluid oz | |
|
300ml |
1/2 pint | |
|
500ml |
16 fluid oz | |
|
600ml |
One pint | |
|
750ml |
24 fluid oz | |
|
1000ml |
32 fluid oz | |
|
1 litre |
1 3/4 pints | |
|
1200ml |
One quart (gallon) | |
|
Odd Measures | ||
|
10 eggs |
1 pound | |
|
dash of pepper |
3 good shakes | |
|
4 cups flour |
1 pound | |
|
4 tablespoons liquid |
1/4 cup | |
|
1 gill |
1/2 cup | |
|
2 gills |
1 cup liquid | |
|
2 gills |
1/2 pint | |
|
4 gills |
1 pint | |
|
2 pints |
1 quart | |
|
4 tablespoons liquid |
1/4 cup | |
|
1 even cup butter |
1/2 lb | |
|
1 heaped teaspoon butter |
2 ounces | |
|
2 cups granulated sugar |
1 pound | |
|
2 1/2 cups icing sugar |
1 pound | |
|
1 pint liquid |
1 pound | |
|
1 spoonful |
heaped spoonful | |
|
1/2 spoonful |
level spoonful | |
|
Temperatures and Conversions | ||
|
In Reference to....... |
Fahrenheit |
Celsius |
|
Very cool oven |
225°-250° |
107°-121° |
|
Cool oven |
275°-300° |
135°-149° |
|
Very moderate oven |
325° |
163° |
|
Moderate oven |
350°-375° |
177°-191° |
|
Moderately hot oven |
400° |
205° |
|
Hot oven |
425°-450° |
218°-233° |
|
Very hot oven |
475° |
246° |
|
More Cooking Helpers |
|
Scant = Not quite full measure |
|
Tammy Cloth = A fine woollen cloth |
|
Fats, dripping, lard, etc can be substituted with your selected oils. |
|
Clarified Fat = Melt fat then add raw potato cut in quarter-inch slices and allow the fat to gradually heat. When the fat ceases to bubble and potatoes are browned, strain fat through double cheesecloth into a pan for use. Potato will absorb fat odours and sediment. |
|
All oven temperatures are based on the standard wood oven, gas oven and electric oven. |
|
Second Stock = Made from the meat and the bones that remain after the first stock is strained off. Fresh water and veges are added. |
|
Flour = Unless otherwise stated, "flour" refers to plain flour. |
|
Red or Green Pepper = Capsicum |
|
Stewpan = Large frypan type utensil with lid used for stews and casseroles |
|
Muslin Bag = Cloth bag used for holding additives and spices in for submerging in casseroles, soups, stews, etc. They allow you to flavour foods with whole spices and herbs without having to strain them out before serving. |
|
Quantities for Catering |
|
Three quarts of milk is the usual allowance for afternoon tea for 100 people. |
|
One pound of sugar is usually ample for one hundred people. |
|
One quart of ice cream will be enough for 18 small plates. |
|
One quart of pudding or jelly is enough for 12 small servings at a party |
|
One loaf of bread will cut into 36 slices, making 18 rounds of sandwiches which will cut into 72 small ones. |
|
A half pound of butter creamed is sufficient to spread a loaf of bread for sandwiches or six dozen scones. |
|
Three pounds of cocktail frankfurts will serve 40 people |
|
Miscellaneous |
|
Golden Syrup is made from Sugar Cane and may only be similar to Corn Syrup. |
|
Copha is mainly used to make chocolate confectionary but can be found in variety of products. Commonly called "Coconut Butter" in the U.S. The term "butter" is exclusive in Australia to the dairy industry, with a few minor exceptions such as peanut butter. |
| Australian | American |
|
Foods and Ingredients | |
| Bacon rashers | Bacon slices |
| Bicarbonate of soda | Baking soda |
| Biscuits | Crackers or Cookies |
| Boiling fowl | Stewing fowl |
| Broad beans | Lima beans |
| Cake mixture | Cake batter |
| Castor sugar | Granulated sugar |
| Celery stick | Celery stalk |
| Chipolata sausages | Cocktail sausages |
| Cornflour | Cornstarch |
| Chips | French fried potatoes |
| Demerara sugar | Light brown sugar |
| Desiccated coconut | Flaked coconut |
| Digestive biscuits | Graham crackers |
| Double cream | Whipping cream |
| Essence | Extract |
| Fats | Shortening |
| Flaked almonds | Slivered almonds |
| Frosting sugar | Powdered sugar |
| Glaced | Candied |
| Golden syrup | Light corn syrup |
| Icing | Frosting |
| Jam | Preserves |
| Mince/mince meat | Ground beef |
| Nut of butter | Pat of butter |
| Ratafia biscuits | Almond flavoured cookies |
| Roast Potatoes | Oven browned potatoes |
| Scone | Shortcake |
| Self raising flour | All-purpose flour including baking powder |
| Single cream | Light cream |
| Soft brown sugar | Light brown sugar |
| Spring onion | Scallion or green onion |
| Stewing steak | Braising beef |
| Stoned raisins | Seedless raisins |
| Sultanas | Seedless white raisins |
| Treacle | Molasses |
| Unsalted butter | Sweet butter |
|
Cooking Equipment and Tools | |
| Baking sheet or tray | Cookie sheet |
| Case | Pie shell |
| Fry | Pan Fry with oil or fat |
| Frying pan | Skillet |
| Girdle | Griddle |
| Grate | Shred |
| Greaseproof paper | Wax paper |
| Grill | Broil |
| Gut | Clean |
| Knead | Punch down |
| Large pot | Dutch oven or similar |
| Mince | Grind |
| Polythene | Plastic wrap |
| Pudding cloth | Cheesecloth |
| Roasting tin | Roasting pan with rack |
| Sandwich tins | Round-layer pans |
| Sieve | Sift |
| Stewpan or pan | Kettle |
| Whisk | Beat/whip |
|
Oddments & Explanations | |
| Level teaspoon = Draw a knife over edges. | |
| Drop Dough = One measure of liquid to two measures of flour. | |
| Stiff Dough = One measure of liquid to three measures of flour. | |
|
Cooking | |
| Broiling = Applying intense heat by a fire to sear the surfaces of fish or meat, then reducing heat until food is cooked. Temperature is 375 to 400 degrees Fahrenheit. | |
| Fats or cooking oils should be hot enough to prevent the cooking food from absorbing the oils. | |
| Frying = Cooking in deep fats or oils | |
| Poaching = Cooking at 1160-180 degrees Fahrenheit | |
| Stewing = Cooking at 186 degrees Fahrenheit | |
| Braising = Cooking food in slow oven with moisture surrounding food in the pan. | |
| Simmering = Cooking food in water below boiling point or about 185 degrees Fahrenheit | |
|
Milk | |
| Milk is sterilized at 212 degrees Fahrenheit holding that temperature half an hour. | |
| Milk is pasteurized at 165 Fahrenheit holding at that temperature twenty minutes. | |
| Milk scalds at 196 degrees Fahrenheit when in double boiler. | |
| Milk boils at 214 degrees Fahrenheit | |
Online Conversions - Welcome to online conversions, convert just about any measurement